fossilization
【正确答案】：Fossilization is a process that sometimes occurs in second language learning in which incorrect linguistic features such as an accent or a grammatical pattern become a permanent part of the way a person speaks or writes in the target language. (P270)
【解析】僵化发生在第二语言学习过程中,当不正确的语言特征如口音或语法形式变成一个人在说或写目的语时的永久性的一部分的时候。