解(1)由于对任意一对数i,j,1≤i≠j≤n,i,j在x1x2···xn与xnxn-1···x1中恰构成一个逆序,于是,
τ(x1x2···xn)+τ(xnxn-1···x1)=
n(n-1).
从而τ(xnxn-1···x1)=
n(n-1)-k
(2)注意到τ(x1x2···xn)+τ(xnxn-1···x1)=
n(n-1),放当n=4t或4t-3时,(x1x2···xn与xnxn-1···x1的奇偶性相同;当n=4t-1或4t-2时,x1x2···xn与xnxn-1···x1的奇偶性相反
(2)注意到τ(x1x2···xn)+τ(xnxn-1···x1)=
n(n-1),放当n=4t或4t-3时,(x1x2···xn与xnxn-1···x1的奇偶性相同;当n=4t-1或4t-2时,x1x2···xn与xnxn-1···x1的奇偶性相反