Soitistoday.Scheduledisaster,functionalmisfits,andsystembugsallarisebecausethelefthanddoesn'tknowwhattherighthandisdoing.Aswork(),theseveralteamsslowlychangethefunctions,sizes,andspeedsoftheirownprograms,andtheyexplicitlyorimplicitly()theirassumptionsabouttheinputsavailableandtheusestobemadeoftheoutputs.Forexample,theimplementerofaprogram-overlayingfunctionmayrunintoproblemsandreducespeedrelyingonstatisticsthatshowhow()thisfunctionwillariseinapplicationprograms.Meanwhile,backattheranch,hisneighbormaybedesigningamajorpartofthesupervisorsothatitcriticallydependsuponthespeedofthisfunction.Thischangeinspeeditselfbecomesamajorspecificationchange,anditneedstobeproclaimedabroadandweighedfromasystempointofview.How,then,shallteams()withoneanother?Inasmanywaysaspossible.Informally.Goodtelephoneserviceandacleardefinitionofintergroupdependencieswillencouragethehundredsofcallsuponwhichcommoninterpretationofwrittendocumentsdepends.Meetings.Regularprojectmeetings,withoneteamafteranothergivingtechnicalriefings,are(请作答此空).Hundredsofminormisunderstandingsgetsmokedoutthisway.Workbook.Aformalprojectworkbookmustbestartedatthebeginning.
A.worthless
B.valueless
C.useless
D.invaluable
正确答案是D