请阅读短文,完成此题。 Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbysci

分类: (中学)英语学科知识与教学能力 发布时间: 2023-11-03 07:40 浏览量: 0

请阅读短文,完成此题。 Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers-usenonscientificmodesofthought.Thiskindofthinkingwayisdifferent fromscience.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwiththemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennon-verbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem. Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist'smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness. Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldvalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary. Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurriculum.Nonverbalthinkingofacentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail"hardthinking",nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffbegantheHistoricAmerican.EngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericaengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools. Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations:theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics. Whichisnotthereasonthatdesigncoursesshouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurriculum? 查看材料

A.Nonverbal thinking is a central mechanism in engineering design.

B.Design courses can provide solutions to solve practical problems.

C.Science course is not important and should be replaced by design courses.

D.Ignorant of design courses may encounter silly but costly errors.

正确答案是C